The high-frequency pulses pass through the transformer. This step steps down the voltage while providing a safety barrier between the "hot" AC side and the "cold" DC output side. 4. Secondary Rectification & Filtering
At the heart of the schematic is a PWM controller IC. This "brain" modulates the switching frequency of the power MOSFETs to maintain stable output voltages even under varying loads. Transformer Isolation: wannien 101v0 power supply schematic exclusive
To ensure the 5V stays 5V, the board uses an (usually a PC817) and a TL431 voltage reference. The high-frequency pulses pass through the transformer