. Key literature focuses on the "carbonate factory" concept, which describes how biological and chemical processes generate these rocks. ResearchGate Featured Academic Sources Carbonate sedimentology: An evolved discipline (2026) : This very recent editorial in The Depositional Record

Over 80% of marine carbonates are biogenic. Organisms extract Ca²⁺ and HCO₃⁻ from seawater to build hard parts.

: Recent reviews highlight the critical role of seawater carbonate saturation and the "carbonate continuum"—the transition from freshwater to deep-water marine environments.